What is DHCP and How it Works
What is DHCP? DHCP or Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol is a service for lending an IP address from the server to the client. why do I say borrowing because basically the IP address that the server gives to the client has a certain period of time depending on the configuration. Almost everyone applies this DHCP system because of the convenience provided, namely providing IP addresses automatically simultaneously even with a large number of computers / clients, so there is no need to bother giving IP addresses manually one by one computer, imagine the number of computers / clients there are 100. DHCP works at the application layer or layer seven of the OSI Layer and works on ports 67 and 68.
What is DHCP and Why it is Used
DHCP Server and Client
DHCP is divided into 2, namely DHCP Server and DHCP Client, the difference is that DHCP Server is the one that provides IP Address lending services and works on port 67 while DHCP Client is the one who asks for an IP address that works on port 68.
How DHCP Works
How does it work? on the principle that the computer or client connects to the network either through connecting to wifi or by plugging in a network cable, the client computer will make a request to the server and then the server provides a list of IP addresses that can be used and the client selects the ip address, usually the client will automatically select ip the closest address then the server will provide the ip address that has been requested by the client for a certain period of time, if the given time period has expired, the client will automatically request it back to the server and if no other client makes a request, the server will remain will provide the same ip address.
The following are the technical stages :
- IP Least Request: The client requests an ip address for the server
- IP Least Offer: The server provides a list of available ip addresses
- IP Lease Selection: The client chooses the available ip address and then broadcasts that the client agrees to the loan
- IP Lease Acknowledgment: The server receives the message and then sends the acknowledgment packet to the client, the acknowledgment packet contains configurations such as ip address, dns server, netmask and others which will be used by the client.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Using DHCP
Advantages:
- No need to configure IP client addresses one by one
- There will be no ip configuration or the same ip address on one network
- Of course faster in terms of network installation
- Simplify communication between networks
Disadvantages:
- Allows unwanted clients or clients connected to the network without the consent of the network administrator
- Giving an IP address that cannot be determined
- IP addresses that change sometimes will make you confused if you want to share files
That's the explanation about DHCP. I hope my friends who read this article can understand what I have to say